GEMSTONES
| INVESTMENT IN EXCLUSIVE VALUES |
Before the invention of coins, people traded through bartering or paid with items that held measurable value for everyone. This included not only precious metals but also gemstones.
In ancient times and the Middle Ages, jewels were only roughly or partially polished. The faceted cut only emerged in the early modern period. Even diamonds became gemstones only in modern times.
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DIAMOND
| A BRILLIANT PRODUCT OF NATURE |
Investment diamonds are among the mobile tangible assets. Like precious metals, they offer many significant advantages over other asset classes such as stocks, savings accounts, cash, or investment funds, including the fact that they have a real, physical value rather than being just an abstract number on paper.
01 Quality Standard
Anyone purchasing their first diamond may quickly feel overwhelmed by the variety of existing quality grades. Since the 1950s, quality standards have become significantly stricter. While "flawless" used to be sufficient, today customers look for the 4Cs:
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Carat (Weight)
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Cut (Cut)
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Colour (Color)
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Clarity (Purity)
02 Areas of Use
Jewelry, investments, industry
03 Interesting Facts
Gemstones are formed through the crystallization of carbon. This process began about 1.3 billion years ago, approximately 120 km below the Earth's surface. Under a pressure of 70 atmospheres and temperatures of around 1200 °C, carbon atoms begin to bond, gradually forming the crystalline structure of diamonds. Thanks to volcanic activity, diamond-bearing ore gradually moved from the Earth's mantle to the surface.
RUBY
| THE RED VARIETY OF CORUNDUM |
Rubies belong to the corundum mineral family. Despite increasing demand, global production volumes have stagnated, as deposits require more effort to be mined.
Like sapphires and emeralds, rubies are one of the "Big 3" most valuable colored gemstones – rare and precious.
01 Coloration
Red coloring is due to chromium ions.
02 Areas of Use
Jewelry, investments, industry
03 Interesting Facts
Rubies and colored gemstones, in general, cannot be evaluated as strictly and uniformly as diamonds. However, the 4Cs can serve as a rough guideline.
When it comes to cutting, virtually any shape is possible—round, cushion, oval, pear-shaped. The shape of the cut is determined by the raw crystal. The choice of cut determines its final value, yield, color, and brilliance (sparkle). This may mean that a ruby is not 100% symmetrical, but since gemstones are so personal, it matters more that it sparkles and makes the most of its beautiful color body.
EMERALD
| THE LIGHT GREEN VARIETY OF BERYL |
It is a unique characteristic of emeralds that their value in the market is almost exclusively determined by their color. From vibrant forest green to radiant grass green, various shades can be found.
For other gemstones, great emphasis is placed on clarity or brilliance, but not for emeralds. This is because inclusions are a natural feature of emeralds.
01 Coloration
Green coloring is due to chromium and vanadium ions.
02 Areas of Use
Jewelry, investments
03 Interesting Facts
Among gemstones, the emerald is certainly one of humanity's oldest companions. As early as 3,500 BCE, emeralds were mined in ancient Egypt. In addition to the pharaohs, the ancient Greeks and Romans also valued emeralds. It is believed that the American Gem Trade Association chose the emerald as the birthstone for May primarily because of its unique color.
SAPPHIRE
| THE BLUE VARIETY OF CORUNDUM |
Sapphires are among the hardest and most durable naturally occurring elements in the world. Gemstones are assessed based on their durability, and on the Mohs scale, the hardness of sapphire is 9 out of 10 points—only diamonds are harder.
They are widely used in industry. Their hardness makes them suitable for high-pressure and vacuum chambers in spectroscopy, barcode scanners, eyeglass lenses, and various lasers. Many luxury watch manufacturers also use sapphire for their watch crystals.
01 Coloration
Blue coloring is caused by iron and titanium or cobalt ions.
An orange coloring is also possible due to titanium and vanadium ions.
02 Areas of Use
Jewelry, investments, industry
03 Interesting Facts
Sapphires have been cherished as some of the most valuable gemstones for thousands of years, from Roman antiquity to ancient Persia and throughout the Middle Ages. The oldest deposit of blue sapphires was found in Sri Lanka. The term "Sapphire from Sri Lanka" was already used by the Romans in 480 BCE.
The largest and most expensive sapphire in the world is the blue star sapphire "The Star of Adam," weighing 1,404 carats, or approximately 280 grams. It was also discovered in Sri Lanka in 2016. The gemstone is valued at at least 90 million euros, and its anonymous owner has stated that this sapphire is destined to remain a priceless museum piece, as it is far too large to be made into a piece of jewelry.